Example Saramago, J. Translated from the Portuguese by G. Example Danielson, D. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Note that this example is an edited collection of essays from different authors, and thus the editor is listed as the main author. Print journal Online-only journal with DOI Online-only journal without DOI Format Author surname, initial. Example Maceachen, D. Notes This format is also used for journal articles which you accessed online but which are available in print too. There is no space between the volume and issue number in brackets. The page range shows where the article is located in the journal. Unlike other titles, the name of a journal uses headline capitalisation; capitalise every important word.

Example Adamson, P. Notes When an article you accessed online has no print equivalent, include the DOI if available. Available at: URL Accessed: Day Month Year. Example Theroux, A. Notes When an article you accessed online has no print equivalent and no DOI, include a URL and an access date. Use the stable URL provided by the database if there is one. General web page Online article or blog Social media post Format Author surname, initial. Year Page title. Example Google Google terms of service. Notes Reference list entries for pages without a clearly identified author can begin with the name of the relevant site or organisation instead. For web sources with no DOI, include an access date.

Example Rakich, N. Notes Here you include the year at the start as usual, but also the exact day of publication later in the reference. Example Dorsey, J. If the post has a title, use it in italics. If the post is untitled, use the text of the post instead. Do not use italics. If the text is long, you can save space by replacing some of it with an ellipsis, as above. Image Video Format Author surname, initial. Year Title [Medium]. Institution, City or Available at: URL Accessed: Day Month Year. Example Bosch, H. Groeningemuseum, Bruges. Notes Cite images according to how you viewed them.

An image viewed online is cited similarly to other web sources. Year Title. Notes This format works for YouTube and similar video sites like Dailymotion, Vimeo and Instagram. Unless the uploader is an individual whose real name you know, use the username in the author position. Newspaper article Magazine article Format Author surname, initial. page number. Example Butler, S. Notes Include the page number where the article begins if you read the article in print. Easily create in-text citations, references or export to Microsoft Word or Google Docs.

Team up with your classmates on any project. Build a collaborative bibliography to easily share with your peers and teachers alike. Yes, citation generators are accurate. These generators use algorithms to ensure each resource is accurately cited for the style guide requirements of MLA, APA, Chicago, and more. The look of an APA citation follows the format: Author, A. However, depending on the source, the location information can vary. An example of a book citation looks like:. APA stands for the American Psychological Association. APA writing style is designed to make creating technical research papers easier for social science, education, and psychology topics.

To create in-text citations in Chicago style, you put a superscript number or an author-date parenthetical citation after the quoted or paraphrased material. Yes, Chicago style does have a page where you cite your work. The MLA citation style uses the author-page number for in-text citations and the MLA nine core elements for your reference page. The nine core elements include author, title, container title, contributors, version, number, publisher, publication date, and location. To do a citation in Chicago, MLA, or APA, you need information about the author, date, title of the work, identifiers, and location.

However, each style arranges this information differently. An example of a website citation in MLA looks like:. Accessed 8 Sept. The difference between APA and MLA formatting and citations is the type of work they were created for. APA writing style is designed to make citing easier for social science and technical works. However, if you collect the information as you study, bibliographies can be a hassle-free part of your project. In this guide, we explain exactly what a bibliography is, the different referencing styles and where to find the necessary information. A bibliography is the list of sources you used to build your assignment. You should include anything you actively referenced in your work and anything you read as part of your project's research and learning phase, even if you don't explicitly cite them within your project.

Your course teacher may request you order your bibliography using primary and secondary sources. This is much more simple than it sounds. A primary source refers to works created by people directly connected with the topic you are writing about. For example, if you are discussing a psychological study , a primary source would be a psychologist who was actively involved in the study. On the other hand, secondary sources refer to any authors that discuss the topic you are studying but have no direct association. We recommend compiling your bibliography as you study. Whether or not you directly reference sources, if you use them as part of your studies, they should be included.

However, there are a few specific places where this information is likely to be found:. In addition to structuring your bibliography correctly, depending on whether your source is a book, magazine, newspaper or webpage, you need to find out what bibliographic style is required. Different course tutors will ask for a specific referencing style. This means that you simply present your source information in a different order. There are four main styles that you might be asked to follow: MLA, APA, Harvard or MHRA, and the chosen style will change your reference order:.

Points three to five should all be included in the same bracket. Whatever the style needed for your bibliography, there are some simple rules to follow for success:. We hope this handy guide clears up any confusion you have about referencing styles. For more information, browse our complete range of courses or give us a call on

You should create a bibliography at the end of your work that lists all of the sources used in your work. Each source only needs to be listed once, even if you have referred to it multiple times in your work. Do not include background reading in your bibliography. The bibliography should appear after the text and after appendices. The bibliography should list the sources in alphabetical order. If your piece of work is long, you can divide the bibliography into three sections: Cases, Legislation, and Bibliography. For further guidance see the full OSCOLA guide. It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge.

If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results. Swansea University LibGuides English OSCOLA referencing guide Online Bibliography Search this Guide Search. OSCOLA referencing guide Online : Bibliography Mae'r dudalen hon hefyd ar gael yn Gymraeg. Bibliography You should create a bibliography at the end of your work that lists all of the sources used in your work. If your piece of work is long, you can divide the bibliography into three sections: Cases, Legislation, and Bibliography Cases - Do not italicise case names. You should list the cases alphabetically in order of the first significant word. If the parties involved are only identified by initials the case should be listed under the initial. List trademark cases and shipping cases under the full case name, but insert an additional entry in the table under the trademark or the name of the ship with a cross-reference to the full name.

Legislation - This should include every statute listed in your piece of work unless your lecturer has told you differently. Legislation should be listed in alphabetical order. Statutory Instruments should be listed separately after Statutes. Bibliography - Unlike in footnotes, the author's surname should be listed first, followed by the author's initials. Unlike in the footnotes, you do not list the author's first names, just initials. The secondary material should also be listed alphabetically. OSCOLA full referencing guide. OSCOLA Bibliography This document shows how to format a bibliography using the OSCOLA referencing style.

Report a problem. Subjects: Referencing.

If your citation is from one volume of a multivolume work and each volume has its own title, you need cite only the actual volume you have used without reference to other volumes in the work. The Fifth Estate. Don and Catherine Robertson. Whatever the style needed for your bibliography, there are some simple rules to follow for success:. Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development.

Categories:

• Essay Website
• Essay Experts
• Online Essays
• Custom Essays
• Essay Online